Ask Liz Weston

Get smart with your money

Credit Cards

Q&A: Why you need a credit score even if you don’t like debt

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Dear Liz: As I counsel my teenage kids about their personal finances, I am wondering if they can live without a credit score. It is puzzling that to get a good credit score, you need to have debt, or at least a credit card. Wouldn’t living debt free be best? With FICO scores becoming de rigueur, is it reasonable for anyone to get away with no credit score at all, especially if the only debt they would consider is a mortgage someday? Also, the credit reporting companies now have some adjunct services that provide reporting based on payments for rent and utilities that might be helpful. How effective are those reports?

Answer: Credit scores aren’t meant to gauge how well you manage money. They’re meant to gauge how well you handle credit. If you don’t have and use credit, you won’t have scores, and lenders will be reluctant to extend you credit when you want or need it.

You also may have to pay higher deposits for utilities, miss out on the best cellphone deals and have trouble renting an apartment. In most states, credit information helps determine property insurance premiums as well. In fact, your credit may matter more than your driving record in determining auto insurance premiums.

It’s a myth that you must be in debt to have good credit scores. You just need to have and lightly use a credit card, and you should pay it in full every month. Another option is a credit builder loan, through which the money you borrow is placed in a savings account or certificate of deposit for you to claim when you’ve finished making 12 monthly payments.

There are services that will add rent and utility payments to your credit reports. The most commonly used versions of the FICO score, however, don’t include that information in calculating scores.

Friday’s need-to-know money news

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Today’s top story: AARP credit card holders endure bumpy move to Barclays from Chase. Also in the news: 5 steps to level up your side hustle, how much it really costs to drive a new car, and one couple’s journey to tame their debt.

AARP Credit Card Holders Endure Bumpy Move to Barclays From Chase
Barclays apologizes for long call hold times, card transition woes. Issuer beefs up call support.

5 Steps to Level Up Your Side Hustle
Growing your side gig into a legit business requires research, planning and organization.

How Much Does It Really Cost to Drive a New Car?
A 5% increase in car ownership costs means your budget should include more than the monthly payment.

How I Ditched Debt: Pandemic After Payoff Tests Couple’s Resilience
One couple’s journey to tame their debt.

Q&A: How a card switch affects your credit score

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Dear Liz: I have one American Express card and two Visa cards, all of which I have held for many years. I received notice that my American Express card was being converted to a Visa card. I do not want a third Visa card but have no choice. For credit score purposes, will this conversion appear to be a closing of my old card and an application for a new one? Obviously, closing a long-held credit card and applying for a new one will affect my excellent credit score, which is 830. If I decided to apply for a new American Express card, how would that impact my score?

Answer: Conversions from one issuer to another can have a temporary negative impact on your credit scores as one account is closed and another opened. The effect should be minor as long as you have other open, active accounts.

Within a month or two, the new account should show the same history as the old one, and your scores should recover. (You have more than one credit score, by the way, and your scores change all the time. As long as they’re generally above 760 or so, you should get lenders’ best rates and terms.)

The type of card usually matters less than the benefits associated with the card. If those benefits are useful to you and are enough to offset any annual fee, consider keeping the card. Its long history and credit limit are likely helping your scores.

That doesn’t mean you have to keep a card you really don’t want. The fewer cards you have, though, the more careful you probably need to be about closing one.

You can still add an American Express or other card to your portfolio. Adding a new card typically dings your scores less than five points. The effect is temporary, and the new account could contribute positively to your scores over time.

Tuesday’s need-to-know money news

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Today’s top story: What 6 money pros wish they’d known about credit cards. Also in the news: A new episode of the Smart Money podcast with Michelle Singletary, 3 ways to thrive with teenage workers in a tight job market, and when it can be a good idea to co-sign for your young adult.

What 6 Money Pros Wish They’d Known About Credit Cards
These certified financial planners wish they’d gotten comfortable using credit cards earlier than they did.

Smart Money Podcast: Getting Ahead of Your Next Money Crisis With Michelle Singletary
An interview with the author of “What to do With Your Money When Crisis Hits”

3 Ways to Thrive With Teenage Workers in a Tight Job Market
Capitalize on off-hours, nurture fresh skills and embrace newness to make the most of young workers in your business.

When It Can Be a Good Idea to Co-Sign for Your Young Adult
A look at the pros and cons.

Q&A: Lowering credit limits

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Dear Liz: You recently answered a question about a woman who asked her credit card issuer to lower her credit limits. While it’s true that lowering your credit limit on a card can have a negative effect on your credit scores, it may be needed to leave credit room for new cards, as your total credit across cards vs. your annual income is considered. And of course your credit score won’t suffer when balances are paid down before the statement date.

Answer: Credit scoring formulas calculate your credit utilization based on the amount of credit you’re using on the day that the card issuer reports your account to the credit bureaus each month. That’s usually, but not always, the balance as of the statement closing date. Making a payment just before that date often lowers your credit utilization and can help your scores.

So yes, making a payment before the statement closing date can offset the negative impact of lowered limits. However, it would be rather foolish for an individual to request lower limits thinking that a credit card issuer might prefer them to have less credit. Typically, healthy credit limits are a sign you’re managing your credit well. Even if a credit card issuer might look askance at your available credit, you won’t know exactly where to draw that line. Credit card issuers have different policies on how they set credit limits, and they typically don’t broadcast how those decisions are made.

Thursday’s need-to-know money news

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Today’s top story: Smart strategies for fighting back against inflation. Also in the news: Easing into credit cards with a simple cash-back card, Medicare and dental implants, and these 6 psychological biases may be holding you back from building wealth.

Wary of Credit Cards? Ease In With a Simple Cash-Back Card
No-fee, flat-rate cash-back cards offer useful rewards and benefits as beginners learn about credit cards.

Smart Strategies for Fighting Back Against Inflation
Plan purchases carefully and trade variable-rate debt for fixed interest rates to help offset rising prices.

Does Medicare Cover Dental Implants?
Original Medicare doesn’t cover dental implants, but you may be able to find coverage elsewhere.

These 6 psychological biases may be holding you back from building wealth
How to overcome them.