Banking

Q&A: Big banks can cause big headaches when it comes to retitling accounts

October 22, 2024 By Liz Weston

Dear Liz: Someone recently asked whether to make a bank account “payable on death” or put it in their living trust. Our bank has refused to allow us to retitle our accounts so we can have them in our trust. Is “payable on death” our only option?

Answer: No, but you may need to move your accounts to another firm.

Some large national banks do balk at retitling bank accounts, notes Jennifer Sawday, an estate planning attorney in Long Beach. By contrast, many smaller banks, credit unions and big brokerage firms have no problem retitling accounts to living trusts.

If your bank isn’t willing to help you now, just imagine how difficult it will make matters for your loved ones after you die and they need to access your accounts, Sawday says.

If you’re reluctant to leave your big bank entirely, consider keeping a small amount of money in a day-to-day checking account while putting the bulk of your cash in a more trust-friendly bank.

Q&A: A follow-up question about payable on death accounts

October 14, 2024 By Liz Weston

Dear Liz: I’ve worked for various broker dealers for 33 years and have never heard of a “payable on death” account. Did you mean transfer on death (TOD) in your previous column?

Answer: I did not.

Payable on death accounts are similar to transfer on death accounts since both allow owners to designate beneficiaries and avoid probate, the court process that otherwise follows death. But the two accounts are meant for different types of assets. Bank accounts use the payable on death designation, while investment accounts are transfer on death. Some states have transfer on death registration for vehicles and transfer on death deeds for real estate.

Q&A: Health savings accounts offer big tax benefits. The trick is knowing when to use the funds

September 16, 2024 By Liz Weston

Dear Liz: My retirement account covers all my expenses, including medical. I also have $60,000 in a health savings account that is invested in a mutual fund. I’m struggling with how to use that. I could use it for all current medical costs, or just for unexpected big ones. Or I could keep the HSA as backup in hopes of leaving it to my heirs. All options seem to have advantages, and I’m stuck. Your thoughts?

Answer: HSAs offer a rare triple tax benefit: Contributions are deductible, the money grows tax deferred and withdrawals can be tax free if there are qualifying medical expenses.

If anyone other than your spouse inherits the HSA, however, it basically stops being an HSA. The account becomes taxable to the beneficiary in the year you die, which means the HSA loses one of its three tax breaks.

Inheriting an account that’s taxable is probably better than no inheritance at all. But generally it’s better to use the HSA yourself or leave it to a spouse and designate other money for heirs.

Trying to figure out the optimum rate of spending this money is obviously tricky. The longer you leave it alone, the more it can grow. But the longer you live without spending it, the greater the risk you’ll die without taking advantage of those tax-free withdrawals.

If you’re reluctant to tap the HSA, give yourself the option of “deathbed drawdown.” By keeping good records, you may be able to empty the account at the last minute and avoid taxes.

As you may know, you don’t have to incur a qualified medical expense in the same year you take an HSA withdrawal for the distribution to be tax free. As long as the expense is incurred after the HSA is established and before you die, it can justify a tax-free withdrawal, as long as the expense wasn’t reimbursed — paid by insurance or used for a previous HSA withdrawal. So keep careful records of all the medical expenses that you pay out of pocket. If you get a bad diagnosis or your health starts to deteriorate, you can use those receipts to justify a tax-free withdrawal.

Are two savings accounts safer than one?

August 26, 2024 By Liz Weston

Dear Liz: My wife and I will be receiving a sizable amount of money. We want to put the money into a high-yield joint savings account. We don’t want to exceed the FDIC protection. Can we each open joint accounts at the same bank and have each account covered up to the $250,000 limit?

Answer: That’s not quite how it works.

FDIC insurance is per depositor, per ownership category. Ownership categories include single accounts, joint accounts, certain retirement accounts such as IRAs and trust accounts, among others.

A joint account for the two of you would be covered up to $500,000, or $250,000 for each owner. A second joint account at the same bank would not increase your insurance coverage. If you had one joint account plus two single accounts, then your total coverage at the bank would be $1 million ($500,000 for the joint account, plus $250,000 for each individual account).

This assumes none of the accounts has beneficiaries. Naming one or more beneficiaries turns either joint or single accounts into trust accounts, for insurance purposes. Each owner of a trust account is covered up to $250,000 per beneficiary, to a maximum of $1.25 million for five or more beneficiaries.

Q&A: When using payment apps, confirm before hitting send

July 1, 2024 By Liz Weston

Dear Liz: You’ve recently written about Zelle and other payment apps. I had a neighbor pay an amount to the wrong phone number. Uh-oh. When I needed to pay someone recently, I asked them to request the amount using my phone number on Zelle. In this way, granting their request would assure that my payment would go to the correct person.

Answer: That’s excellent practice. People new to the apps often don’t realize there are options for users to request payment as well as send money. A user request can help ensure the money gets to the right place — as long as the sender knows the person and is expecting the request.

Requests for money out of the blue should always be regarded with suspicion. If you don’t know the person, report the potentially fraudulent request to your bank. If the request seems to be coming from someone you know, pick up the phone and confirm they made the request before sending any money.

Q&A: Paying bills with auto payments is scary; should it be?

May 27, 2024 By Liz Weston

Dear Liz: For several reasons you recommend using online services from the bank or credit union to pay bills. I use that method for most of our bills, but not all. Some vendors want us to set up a process where they are able to pull the desired payment directly from our account. Given the regular reports of data breaches at corporations that should know better, I refuse to give them the required permissions. Am I wrong in this?

Answer: The issue is less about potential breaches and more about getting automated payments to stop when you want them to.

Some companies make it easy to sign up for their services and devilishly hard to cancel them. Gym chains are notorious for this. Federal laws protect your right to cancel automatic payments, but you may have to enlist your bank to get the most pernicious companies to stop charging you.

If you have any doubts that your cancellation order would be honored, consider setting up automatic payments using a credit card instead of giving the company direct access to your checking account.