Liz Weston

Q&A: Account closure caused long-lasting score drop

December 8, 2025 By Liz Weston Leave a Comment

Dear Liz: A reader mentioned recently their credit score dropped only four points after closing a credit card they had since 1981. Three years ago I closed a credit card that was over 30 years old and my credit score dropped 20 to 35 points, depending on the credit reporting bureau. My score hasn’t gone up since despite good credit and no late payments. Please remind readers that many factors go into a credit score when closing a credit card.

Answer: As mentioned in the previous column, the impact of a card closure varies depending on other information in your credit reports. If your scores are high and you have several other open credit cards in good standing, the impact is likely to be minimal. If your scores aren’t great, you have few accounts or you’re closing one of your highest-limit cards, the impact may be greater.

Also keep in mind that there are many different credit scoring formulas in use today, so you don’t have just one credit score: you have dozens. FICO and VantageScore are the two main providers, but lenders use different versions of these scores and, as you’ve noted, the results also vary according to the credit bureau they use.

Your scores constantly change because the underlying information in your credit reports changes. Even if you aren’t actively adding or closing accounts, the balances on your accounts typically change from month to month. Higher balances on credit cards can hurt your scores, while lower balances can help. Each month your accounts get a little older (which is a good thing) and more time has passed since your last account opening (also a good thing).

You can offset the impact of a closure by continuing to handle your accounts responsibly. You also might consider adding a new account to the mix if the point drop is significant enough to affect your financial life. If the score drop took you from the 800s to the high 700s, though, it probably isn’t worth the bother of trying to “fix” it since your scores will typically get you the best rates and terms on any credit you may need.

Q&A: Do I need a will if I don’t have much money?

December 8, 2025 By Liz Weston Leave a Comment

Dear Liz: I have less than $5,000 in my savings account, a 12-year-old car and a mortgage with a $200,000 balance. I am 67 and can’t decide whether to make a will. I live alone and have no children. I have three siblings, but am only close to one. I hate to spend money on an attorney when I can use that money to cover funeral expenses. I’m leery of using an online will service. Can you recommend an inexpensive way to get my affairs in order?

Answer: Anyone who can afford to pay for estate planning help probably should. This is a complicated area, and it’s easy to make mistakes that can make settling your estate unnecessarily costly or difficult.

If you can’t afford to pay for help, though, there are low-cost and free options you can explore.

Start by creating an advanced directive, which details what kind of care you want should you become incapacitated and can’t speak for yourself. You can create one for free at PrepareForYourCare.org. Every adult should have an advance directive, also known as a health care power of attorney.

Another document every adult should have is a financial power of attorney, which allows another person to manage your finances if you’re incapacitated. You can create one at FreeWill.com, a site supported by nonprofit organizations. The site will also help you create a simple will for free.

LegalZoom, Rocket Lawyer and Quicken Willmaker are other options that can help you create estate documents, typically for less than $100.

Q&A: Bad advice about closing credit accounts?

December 1, 2025 By Liz Weston 2 Comments

Dear Liz: Recently, you advised someone that it was OK to cancel a credit card. When someone responded saying they did just that and got a 4-point hit on their credit rating, you again stated it was nothing more than a short-term glitch and not to worry.

And you call yourself a “certified” financial advisor? You have no idea what you are talking about. Maybe you should confine your answers to what you know. Just who are you “certified” through?

If a cardholder chooses to cancel a credit card, they have to be specific and firm with the card issuer that THEY canceled the card. The cardholder also has to demand that the card issuer send them, in writing, a letter stating that effect. Card issuers have no problem canceling cards. However, card issuers will post on credit reports that THEY canceled the card, which makes the cardholder look like a bad credit risk, whether that is the case or not. That will be posted on the cardholder credit reports for years. Which in turn, allows current and future card issuers to the cardholder to increase their interest rates and/or deny them higher credit limits or even a credit card. That makes it more challenging for cardholders to get decent rates on mortgages, auto loans and more.

You know nothing about credit cards, much less the credit reporting agencies. Stop giving people false information.

Answer: Your email address indicates you may be in the business of providing financial advice to others. If that’s the case, it’s critical that you keep up to date. Much of what you’ve written either isn’t true or hasn’t been true for decades.

The credit scoring formulas used by lenders don’t distinguish between accounts that are closed by the consumer and those that are closed by lenders. There’s no need to add a note to your credit reports explaining the decision was yours. No one would likely read it anyway, as lending decisions are highly automated.

You can learn more about credit scoring at a number of reputable financial sites, such as NerdWallet or Bankrate. Experian, one of the three major credit bureaus, also provides solid information for consumers. And you may be able to find my book “Your Credit Score” in your local library or online. Initially published in 2004 and updated four times, it was one of the first books to explain credit scoring to the public.

As for the certified financial planner designation, it’s offered by the CFP Board of Standards and is one of the more rigorous certifications financial advisors can get. You can learn more at https://www.cfp.net/.

Q&A: How can a family break a dynasty trust?

December 1, 2025 By Liz Weston 2 Comments

Dear Liz: My mother recently died at the age of 93. My sisters and I are her beneficiaries, and all of us are in our 60s. Unbeknownst to us, one of her assets is a “dynasty trust,” established in 1964, that can only be used for “care” and “education.” The lawyer never told us this and we could have used the trust to pay for her assisted-living care, all of our college education costs, and the college education costs of our children.

According to the trust, the restrictions don’t end until 21 years after our deaths. Two of us have two children each, and one sister has no children. None of the grandchildren plan to have children of their own. With these terms, and assuming we live into our early 90s, the grandkids will be in their late 70s before they can access these funds. Is it possible to “break” this trust so that we can make use of these funds while we are all alive and able to use the funds effectively?

Answer: Dynasty trusts are designed to pass wealth down through multiple generations. They’re irrevocable, which means the person who created the trust gives up control of the assets.

That doesn’t mean the trust can’t be changed, says Los Angeles estate planning attorney Burton Mitchell. He recommends getting a complete copy of the trust and asking an experienced trust and estate attorney to read it. The trust may include language allowing an early termination. If this is truly a dynasty trust, “back doors” to allow changes are usually built in, Mitchell says.

If not, there may be a way to terminate or modify the trust by agreement of the beneficiaries.

If all else fails, you may be able to go to court to modify the trust provisions based on changed circumstances, provided all beneficiaries agree, Mitchell says.

Q&A: Foreign tax credit delays substantial IRS refund

November 24, 2025 By Liz Weston Leave a Comment

Dear Liz: My tax professional submitted amended tax returns for 2023, 2022 and 2021 a year ago. I’m supposed to receive a nice refund for those years but I have heard nothing from the IRS and cannot get any information from its website. I asked my tax professional about it and she said the foreign tax credit claimed on the amended returns must be reviewed by the foreign tax department, which is very far behind. This just feels like a black hole. The IRS wants me to pay my taxes but drags its feet on giving me my refund.

Answer: The foreign tax credit is designed to prevent double taxation. If you earn income abroad, you may be able to deduct taxes paid to another country on your U.S. tax return.

Unfortunately, this is an area where there has been substantial fraud and noncompliance. That raises the odds of a manual review and potential audit. The fact that you’re claiming large refunds, and doing so by amending returns, also increases the chance your filings will be scrutinized.

Still, a year is a long time to wait. Consider reaching out to the Taxpayer Advocate Service, which may be able to help you break the logjam.