• Skip to main content
  • Skip to primary sidebar

Ask Liz Weston

Get smart with your money

  • About
  • Liz’s Books
  • Speaking
  • Disclosure
  • Contact

Q&A: Spousal and survivor benefits operate by different rules

April 14, 2025 By Liz Weston

Dear Liz: I believe you provided bad information to the woman inquiring about Social Security spousal benefits for her husband.

You suggested to her that since she was the higher income spouse, that she wait until age 70 to maximize the benefit her husband could receive. I used to think that was the case as well, and was planning my Social Security start date accordingly.

However, a few months ago I found out that this is not true. The maximum spousal support is based on the full retirement age of the spouse or deceased spouse, not the maximum amount received if the deceased spouse waits longer to take Social Security. This is true for both spousal benefits when the higher wage earner is alive and for survivor benefits. After finding this information out, I filed to start receiving immediately, since I’m at my full retirement age.

Answer: Many people confuse the rules for spousal and survivor benefits, as you’ve done. This is why it can be so important to discuss your claiming strategy with an expert before you make a decision that stunts the survivor’s future income.

Spousal benefits are available when the higher earner is still alive. Spousal benefits can be up to 50% of the higher earner’s benefit at full retirement age. Spousal benefits don’t get bigger if the higher earner delays filing beyond his or her full retirement age, and they don’t shrink if the higher earner applies before full retirement age. (If the spouse applies before his or her own retirement age, however, the spousal benefit typically will be reduced because of the early start.)

Survivor benefits are a different story. These are the benefits that kick in once the higher earner has died. Survivor benefits are up to 100% of what the higher earner was actually receiving. In other words, survivor benefits can be stunted if the higher earner starts a retirement benefit early and will get bigger if the higher earner delays applying.

This is why financial advisors often recommend the higher earner wait to file until their benefit maxes out at age 70. Not only is the higher earner likely to maximize their lifetime benefit by waiting, but the delay also increases the checks the survivor will receive.

If you regret your decision to start benefits, you could opt to suspend your application. You wouldn’t get back the delayed retirement credits you lost after starting your benefit, but those credits would be applied going forward so your benefit amount could continue to grow.

Another option, if it’s been less than 12 months since you applied, is to withdraw your application. This would require paying back all the benefits you’ve received so far, but it would reset the clock so that you could earn all the delayed retirement credits you missed.

Related Posts

  • Q&A: Don’t confuse Social Security’s spousal and survivor benefits

    Dear Liz: I waited until 70 to start taking Social Security. My wife, who is the…

  • Q&A: Social Security spousal benefits

    Dear Liz: I'm remarried and don't plan to claim a spousal benefit on my husband's…

  • Q&A: Social Security survivor benefits

    Dear Liz: I earned more than my wife, who died at age 57 after 18…

  • Q&A: About spousal and survivor benefits

    Dear Liz: I am 82 and receive $786 from Social Security. My wife is 75…

Filed Under: Q&A, Social Security Tagged With: Social Security claiming strategies, spousal benefits, survivor benefits, suspending Social Security, withdrawing a Social Security application

Reader Interactions

Comments

  1. Myra Willis says

    April 26, 2025 at 12:26 pm

    Your example was for what benefit a widowed spouse would be eligible for if BOTH spouses were already collecting at the first death.
    My sister and brother in law were both 68 when she passed away last December. She had been on Social Security disability since her mid 50s until it was converted to retirement in her early 60s. He is the higher wage earner and still working. Can he file for WIDOWER’s benefits on her death now, and then file for his own retirement benefits after he stops working when he turns 70?

    • Liz Weston says

      April 28, 2025 at 5:48 am

      Yes, he should be able to get survivor benefits while allowing his own benefit to grow.

Primary Sidebar

Search

Copyright © 2025 · Ask Liz Weston 2.0 On Genesis Framework · WordPress · Log in