Monday’s need-to-know money news

18ixgvpiu0s24jpgToday’s top story: Understanding the difference between a credit card and a charge card. Also in the news: Why using a credit card for financial emergencies isn’t always a good idea, the fees of 13 major airlines, and why you shouldn’t trust most retirement calculators.

What’s the Difference Between a Charge Card & a Credit Card?
It’s a big one.

Using a Credit Card for Financial Emergencies: Rarely a Smart Move
An instant solution can lead to heavy interest.

This Chart Lists the Many Fees of 13 Major Airlines
Don’t be caught by surprise while traveling this summer.

Why You Can’t Trust Those Retirement Calculators
Some could be missing vital information.

Q&A: Social Security benefits and divorce

Dear Liz: You’ve been answering questions about ex-spouses and Social Security benefits. My first marriage was longer than 10 years, and I was the primary earner. My ex remarried but later divorced again.

Does his getting remarried nullify his claims forevermore — or is his ability to claim spousal benefits based on my income back on the table as long as he remains unmarried?

Answer: It’s the latter. Your ex can claim spousal benefits based on your work record as long as your marriage to him lasted at least 10 years and he is not currently married.

Q&A: Investing vs Saving for college tuition

Dear Liz: We recently inherited some money. We’ve never had much. We want to invest our inheritance for our kids’ college education.

We asked around to find investment firms that people have had a good experience with. But how do we know they are honest and make sound investment decisions? How do we know if the rates they are charging are fair and reasonable? (For example, one charges a percentage of the value of the account. How do I know if their rate is a fair amount?)

Answer: If you want to invest the money for college education, you don’t need to consult an advisor at all. You simply can use a 529 college savings plan. These plans allow you to invest money that grows tax-deferred and can be used tax free for qualified college expenses nationwide.

These plans are sponsored by the states and run by investment firms. You might want to stick with your own state’s plan if you get a tax break for doing so (check http://www.savingforcollege.com for the details of each plan).

If not, consider choosing one of the plans singled out by research firm Morningstar as the best in 2014: the Maryland College Investment Plan, Alaska’s T. Rowe Price College Savings Plan, the Vanguard 529 College Savings Plan in Nevada and the Utah Educational Savings Plan.

College savings plans typically offer several investment choices, but you can make it easy by choosing the “age weighted” option, which invests your contributions according to your child’s age, getting more conservative as college draws nearer.

If you still want to talk to an advisor — which isn’t a bad idea when dealing with a windfall — you’ll want to choose carefully.

Relying on friends and family isn’t necessarily the best approach. Many of the people who invested with Bernie Madoff were introduced to him by people they knew.

Most advisors aren’t crooks, but they also don’t have to put your interests ahead of their own. That means they can steer you into expensive investment products that pay them larger commissions.

If you want an advisor who puts you first, you’ll want to find one who agrees to be a fiduciary for you, and who is willing to put that in writing.

Here are three sources for fiduciary advice:

•The Financial Planning Assn. at http://www.plannersearch.org

•The Garrett Planning Network at http://www.garrettplanningnetwork.com

•The National Assn. of Personal Financial Advisors at http://www.napfa.org.

Garrett planners charge by the hour with no minimums. Expect to pay around $150 an hour.

NAPFA planners often charge a percentage of assets — typically about 1%.

FPA members charge for advice in a variety of ways, including fees, commissions and a combination of the two.

Any planner should provide you with clear information about how he or she gets paid.

You’ll want to check the advisor’s credentials as well. The gold standard for financial planners is the CFP, which stands for Certified Financial Planner.

An equivalent designation for CPAs is the PFS, which stands for Personal Financial Specialist. People with these designations have received a broad education in comprehensive financial planning, have met minimum experience requirements and agree to uphold certain ethical standards.

Each of the organizations listed above has more tips for choosing a plan on its website.

Q&A: 401(k) employer limits

Dear Liz: My company doesn’t allow us to contribute more than 50% of our paycheck to our 401(k). This limits my contribution to far less than the IRS’ $18,000 annual limit because I’m low paid.

How can I tackle this situation, as I would want to contribute more but am being constrained by the 50% contribution cap?

Answer: Your zeal to save for retirement is admirable. Your company may not have anticipated that anyone in your situation would be able to save so much, so consider simply asking if the limit can be raised.

You can explore other avenues as well, such as contributing to an IRA or a Roth IRA. Many people incorrectly believe they can’t contribute to these individual retirement accounts if they have a workplace plan, but that’s not true.

You can contribute up to $5,500 to a Roth (plus a $1,000 catch-up contribution if you’re 50 or older) if your income is below certain limits. The ability to contribute is reduced between modified adjusted gross incomes of $116,000 and $131,000 for single filers and $183,000 and $193,000 for marrieds filing jointly. Alternatively, you can contribute $5,500 (plus the $1,000 catch-up contribution) to an IRA regardless of your income, although your ability to deduct your contribution if you have a workplace plan is phased out for incomes between $61,000 and $71,000 if single and $98,000 to $118,000 for marrieds.

Friday’s need-to-know money news

Zemanta Related Posts ThumbnailToday’s top story: Credit card mistakes you need to avoid. Also in the news: Costly financial aid mistakes, avoiding debt for new grads, and when you should see a financial therapist.

5 Credit Card Mistakes Driving You Into Debt
Pay close attention.

How to avoid these costly financial aid mistakes
Don’t leave money sitting on the table.

Graduates, Here’s How to Avoid Debt and Get Rich
Oh, the places you’ll go!

5 Signs You Should See a Financial Therapist
Knowing when it’s time to get help.

The Best Browser Extensions That’ll Save You Money (and Which to Skip)
Save money with just a click of the mouse.

Thursday’s need-to-know money news

Zemanta Related Posts ThumbnailToday’s top story: How your mortgage affects your credit score. Also in the news: Finding a great mortgage rate, buying vs renting for retirees, and important tax deadlines business owners need to know.

Will Paying Off Your Mortgage Hurt Your Credit?
How your mortgage effects your credit score.

6 Tricks To Getting A Great Mortgage Rate
It’s about more than comparison shopping.

Retirees, Should You Buy or Rent When Downsizing?
How to compare both options.

Business Owners, Take Note of These Tax Deadlines
There’s a bunch of them.

10 Ways to Take Charge of Your Financial Future in Your 30s and 40s
Start building your dream team.

Wednesday’s need-to-know money news

o-CREDIT-REPORT-facebookToday’s top story: How to shop for a mortgage online. Also in the news: The risks of ignoring your credit score, websites that can help you save on hotels, and how you can meet the minimum credit card spending requirements while remaining frugal.

A Guide to Shopping for a Mortgage Online
The differences between applying online and in person.

The Financial Risk of Ignoring Your Credit Score
Needless to say, they’re big.

5 Websites That Will Help You Save on Hotels
Don’t overpay.

How Frugal Folks Can Meet Credit Card Spending Requirements
It’s important for your credit score.

Tuesday’s need-to-know money news

money-vacation-saveToday’s top story: How to save on summer travel. Also in the news: Tips on organizing your financial life, making sense of financial terms, and four traits financially secure people share.

5 Ways to Save on Summer Travel
Your wallet deserves a vacation, too.

Four Steps To Organize Your Financial Life
Make next year’s tax season easier.

Demystifying Financial Terms to Manage Your Finances Better
Knowledge is power.

4 Traits That Financially Secure People All Share
Learning from the pros.

12 Ways to Keep Your Money Safe Online
Steps you can take to protect your information.

Monday’s need-to-know money news

Picking up the keysToday’s top story: How being frugal can actually cost you money. Also in the news: Tips for a better financial future, what to know when refinancing your credit card debt, and how to save when your teenager starts driving.

10 Ways Being Frugal Can Actually Cost You Money
Unintended consequences.

Listen to your mother: 6 tips for a better financial future
Mom knows best.

7 things to know about refinancing credit card debt
Pay close attention to the terms.

10 Ways to Save When Your Teen Starts Driving
The rite of passage doesn’t have to break the bank.

Q&A: American Opportunity Credit for college expenses

Dear Liz: I am confused regarding my ability to take advantage of the American Opportunity Credit for college expenses in filing my 2014 tax return.

My accountant told me I didn’t qualify because my adjusted gross income exceeds $80,000. Yet when I researched on the IRS website, I seem to qualify. I paid qualified education expenses for my son to get an MBA and am claiming him as a dependent on my return, since he is unemployed and I support him. My adjusted gross income was $84,905.

The IRS rules discuss modified adjusted gross income less than $90,000. Is my accountant thinking of another tax credit that I don’t qualify for? Can I take advantage of any credit for providing educational expenses for my son to obtain a graduate degree? I filed for an extension in order to resolve this issue.

Answer: Education tax breaks can be baffling because each has different income limits, eligibility requirements and qualifying expenses.

Three of them — the American Opportunity Credit, the Lifetime Learning Credit and the tuition and fees deduction — are mutually exclusive. That means you can take only one per year, and you can’t use any of them for expenses paid with a tax-free 529 plan withdrawal.

It’s no wonder that many people who may be eligible to take these breaks don’t take advantage of them, even though they could shave thousands of dollars off their tax bills.

The American Opportunity Credit is usually the most valuable credit. It reduces taxes by up to $2,500 per student and is 40% refundable, which means people can get up to $1,000 back even if they don’t have any taxes to offset.

But the credit can’t be claimed for more than four years, and any year in which the old Hope Credit was claimed counts toward that limit. Since your son was in graduate school, it’s possible you already used up your ability to claim the credit.

You can qualify for the full tax break if your modified adjusted gross income is below $80,000 as a single filer or $160,000 for a married couple filing jointly. The credit gets smaller as your income goes up. After $90,000 for singles — and $180,000 for a married couple filing jointly — the tax break is no longer available.

If you can’t take the credit, your son might be able to claim it — if he had taxable income last year and you opt not to take a dependency exemption for him. Discuss this possibility with your tax pro.

You make too much money for the other two options: the Lifetime Learning Credit and the tuition and fees deduction. The Lifetime Learning Credit offsets 20% of tuition and certain other required expenses up to $2,000 per tax return.

In 2014, the credit was gradually reduced for modified adjusted gross incomes between $54,000 and $64,000 for singles, and $108,000 and $128,000 for married couples filing jointly.

The tuition and fees deduction reduces taxable income by a maximum of $4,000 for incomes up to $65,000 for single filers and $130,000 for joint filers, and by up to $2,000 for incomes over $65,000 for singles and $130,000 for joint filers. There’s no deduction for incomes over $80,000 for singles and $160,000 for joint filers.